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Tours

1. SOU Botantical Tour

   Southern Oregon University's botainical tour contains over 100 different unique trees on it's campus that each have their own information sign for people to learn from. This virtual tour will guide you to the different trees on campus and Allow you to find them easily. 3 Hour Tour.

   Stops

   1. Quercus kelloggii - Black Oak

      Scientific Name: Quercus kelloggii

      Nativity: Western United States
       

      Black Oak acorns were the acorns of preference for the native Shasta people. Although initially poisonous, black oak acorns can be treated and made edible. They were often used to make acorn flour or acorn people and were a necessary part of many Native American diets. California black oak comprises a total volume of 29% of California's hardwood timber resources.
       

      DBH: 54.6 inches
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   2. Robinia pseudoacacia - Black Locust

      Scientific Name: Robinia pseudoacacia
       

      Nativity: Southeastern United States

      The wood is one of the hardest woods in North America. It is prized for furniture, flooring, and boats. It is also often used as firewood for wood-burning stoves. Abraham Lincoln spent much of his young adulthood splitting fence posts made of black locust. In India, different parts of the tree are used as laxatives, antispasmodics, and diuretics. The bark and leaves are toxic, but the seed pods are edible. In France, the flowers are often deep fried and eaten.

      
      DBH: 39.6 inches
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   3. Ulmus americana - American Elm

      Ulmus americana
      Nativity:
      Eastern US
      Interesting Info:  
      The bark of young American Elm was used by pioneers to create rope swings for their children. It is also the most common tree in Central Park. Dutch Elm Disease (DED) is a fungal pathogen that has caused catastrophic death of American Elms across the East Coast since the 1920s. DED has not yet been found on the West Coast.
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      DBH: 40.5 inches 

   4. Acer campestre - Hedge Maple

      Acer campestre
      Nativity:
      Europe, the British Isles, southwest Asia, and north Africa.
      Interesting info:.
      Also called a field maple. This species is often used to create hedgerows in Britain between farm fields. Here in the U.S., though, it is commonly used as an urban shade tree. Historically, the milky sap has been used as a sweetener or syrup. The best method is to harvest sap in early spring from an area that has cold winters. Bark has also been used to soothe sore eyes and prevent cholesterol accumulation, but must be dried before used. The fungus infection verticillium wilt can be an issue for all maples, but is particularly prominent in this one. 
      
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   5. Koelreuteria paniculata - Golden Rain Tree

      Scientific Name: Koelreuteria paniculata

      Nativity: Eastern Asia
      
      

      The genus name of this tree honors Joseph Gottlieb Koelreuter (1733-1806), a pioneer in the field of plant hybridization. In China, this tree is used to mark the graves of prominent officials and on holy land. In 1763, Thomas Jefferson was the first American to cultivate it after a French associate sent it to him as a gift. It is very attractive to bees because of its beautiful yellow blossoms.

      
      DBH: 12.0 inches
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   6. Calocedrus decurrens - Incense Cedar

      Scientific Name: Calocedrus decurrens

      Nativity: Western North America
       

      One of the most fire and drought-resistant species of the west coast, the incense cedar has many adaptations these conditions. It’s extra thick bark prevents low-intensity fire from burning the heartwood. It can sprout from its roots after the above-ground portion of the tree is burnt.It can close its stomata to prevent water loss. Historically, it was the only species used to produce wood pencils because of its straight grain and ease of sharpening. Its cones have a strongly scented resin that acts as a rodent deterrent.

      
      DBH: 30.1 inches
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   7. Cotinus coggygria - Royal Purple Smoke

      Scientific Name: Cotinus coggygria

      Nativity: Southern Europe to central Asia

      Also known as smoke tree and smoke bush, this species is named for its smoke-like, purple flowers. Historically, the yellow wood has been used to help with eye ailments and fever reducer. Today, an essential oil is distilled from it for use as a disinfectant and anti-inflammatory. It is also used commercially in perfumes, shampoos, and toothpastes. Orange dye can be obtained from the roots and stems. The leaves are poisonous, but a good source of tannins. This species is particularly sensitive to horticultural oils used for pest controls, but overall don’t attract many pests.

      
      DBH: 2.8 inches
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   8. Sequoia sempervirens - Coast Redwood

      Scientific Name: Sequoia sempervirens

      Nativity: West coast of North America
       

      The only living species of the genus Sequoia, this is the tallest of living trees on Earth. The tallest living tree is name Hyperion and resides in Northern California, reaching 379.3 feet tall. Also one of the oldest-living trees in the United States, the oldest known tree is 2,200 years old. Because of this, they are often called “everlasting redwoods.” One of the most valuable trees in the timber industry, the coast redwood is valued for its light weight and beauty. Coast redwoods are also adapted to survive, and even thrive, during wildfires.

      
      DBH: 64.3 inches
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   9. Pyrus calleryana - Callery Pear

      Scientific Name: Pyrus calleryana

      Nativity: China & Vietnam
       

      Named after Joseph-Marie Callergy a 19th century sinologist who obtained specimens in China for study in Europe. Pear wood is considered the finest of all fruit-woods and is common in the making of woodwind instruments. It is also common to use pear wood as veneer and for umbrella handles. The callery pear tree is known for its strong scent when flowering.

      
      DBH: 10.2 inches
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   10. Pistacia chinensis - Chinese Pistache

       Scientific Name: Pistacia chinensis

       Nativity: China
        

       A classic staple in Chinese garden design, this tree provides beautiful fall colors and beautiful red fruit. Although a member of the cashew family, the red berries that this tree produces are inedible to humans. However, China extracts oil from the seeds to be used in the production of biodiesel. Additionally, the wood is commonly used to make furniture and to make yellow dye. It is often referred to as the “ugly duckling” of ornamental trees, as its misshapen young form grows into a beautiful mature tree.

       
       DBH: 7.9 inches
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   11. Alnus rhombifolia - White Alder

       Scientific Name: Alnus rhombifolia

       Nativity: Western North America
        

       White alder is native in our area and is an important nitrogen fixer. In other words, it converts ammonia into a form that is usable by other plant species.it is a member of the birch family, and can be distinguished from red alder because its leaves margins do not curl under. It is commonly found near streams and is the only native alder in southern California. Because of this, it is commonly used in southern California to indicate the presence of water.The roots have traditionally been used to make baskets. The inner bark was traditionally dried, ground, and mixed with water to create a dye. The wood is not valuable for lumber, but is commonly used for fuel.

       
       DBH: 28.6 inches
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   12. Liquidambar styraciflua - Sweet Gum

       Scientific Name: Liquidambar styraciflua

       Nativity: Warm areas of eastern North America and Central America
        

       The genus name “liquidambar” was given by Carl Linnaeus in reference to the thick, gum-like resins that seep from the tree. Chewing gum to sweeten the breath can be made from this resin as well. It was historically popular for soaps, adhesives, and pharmaceuticals. Today, it is mainly used for high end furniture and interior finishings. Sweetgum is one of the most common hardwoods in U.S. and is a great pollinator plant for bees. Gray squirrels, chipmunks, and various bird species enjoy the fruits and seeds.

       
       DBH: 9.6 inches
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   13. Quercus frainetto 'Schmidt' - Forest Green Oak

       Scientific Name: Quercus frainetto ‘Schmidt’

       Nativity: Cultivated in Oregon
        

       Introduced by the J. Frank Schmidt Nursery in Oregon in 1987, the Forest Green Oak is a cultivar of the Hungarian oak. The Hungarian oak is very sensitive to lime in the soil. This is why, contrary to its name, the Hungarian oak actually does not appear much in the lime-saturated soils of Hungary. Instead, it is very common in the Balkans.

       
       DBH: 1.8 inches
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   14. Malus 'Prairifire' - Prairifire crabapple

       Scientific Name: Malus 'Prairifire'

       Nativity: North America
        

       A member of the rose family, crabapples have many varieties. This specific cultivar was developed in 1982 by Dr. Daniel Dayton at the University of Illinois. It was developed to be disease resistant. The fruit of crabapples provides food for many different bird and mammal species.however, unlike many other crabapples, the prairifire is not a messy tree. The fruit do not fall, but remain on the tree throughout the year.

       
       DBH: 1.6 inches
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   15. Liriodendron tulipifera 'JFS-Oz' - Emerald City Tulip Tree

       Scientific Name: Liriodendron tulipifera ‘JFS-Oz’

       Nativity: Eastern United States

       This is a specific cultivar of the native tulip tree, produced J. Frank Schmidt & Company in the Willamette valley. It has much deeper green leaves, giving it the name ‘Emerald City.’ Tulip tree wood was traditionally used for Native American canoes, and is used for furniture today. The genus name literally means “lily tree of flowers.”

       
       DBH: 2.1 inches
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   16. Prunus sargentii - Sargent Cherry

       Scientific Name: Prunus sargentii

       Nativity: Asia
        

       This tree was named after Charles S. Sargent, the first director of Harvard University's Arnold Arboretum. He was the first westerner to discover this specific species in the mountains of northern Japan in the late 1800’s. However, the wood has been used by the Japanese for years prior. Dye has also be traditionally extracted from the leaves and fruit. The seeds are thought to contain cyanide when they are bitter, so the fruit is considered mostly inedible. This is a very common trait for species of the rose family.

       
       DBH: 1.5 inches
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   17. Styrax japonicus 'JFS-D' - Snowcone Japanese Snowbell

       Scientific Name: Styrax japonicus ‘JFS-D’

       Nativity: Developed in Oregon
        

       This cultivar was created by J. Frank Schmidt Nursery in Boring, Oregon from Japanese snowbell. The white bell-shaped flowers are the same but has been cultivated to be more pyramidal and clustered. The Japanese snowbell is native to China, Japan, and Korea. Its strong wood has traditionally been used to craft prayer beads and umbrella handles.

        

       DBH: 1.6 inches
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   18. Maackia amurensis - Amur Maakia

       Scientific Name: Maackia amurensis

       Nativity: Russia
        

       Karlovich Maack was a 19th century explorer and naturalist that discovered this tree in the 19th century. He wrote some of the first descriptions of native trees in remote Siberia. The amur maackia is a member of the pea family.

       
       DBH: 4.0 inches
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   19. Thuja standishii x plicata 'Green Giant' - Green Giant Western Red Cedar

       Scientific Name: Thuja standishii x plicata ‘Green Giant’

       Nativity: Hybridized in Denmark
        

       The cultivar ‘Green Giant’ was propagated from a single seed given to the U.S. National Arboretum from Denmark. While being propagated, it was confused with another variety at the U.S. National Arboretum. It wasn’t until Susan Martin performed isozyme analysis on the variety that its origin was correctly identified. This species provides excellent habitat for nesting wildlife. The flowers and seeds provide good browsing food for wildlife, with the exception of deer.

       
       DBH: 3.1 inches
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   20. Quercus macrocarpa - Burr Oak

       Scientific Name: Quercus macrocarpa

       Nativity: North America
        

       Macrocarpa is Latin for “large fruit,” and it isn’t wrong. The burr oak has the largest acorns of any North American oak. They are also excellent wildlife forage-- black bears have even been documented tearing off branches to get to them. These large acorn crops only occur every few years, though. This is a special adaptation that allows the burr oak to overwhelm the acorn-predators with the sheer amount of acorns, which gives uneaten acorns a higher chance of survival. It is also one of the slowest growing oaks, at a maximum of one foot per year when it is young.

       
       DBH: 2.5 inches
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   21. Acer ginnala - Flame Amur Maple

       Scientific Name: Acer ginnala

       Nativity: Northeastern Asia
        

       This maple gets its name from the beautiful red colors it displays in the autumn. Because of its potent astringent properties, it is used in cancer research in Asia. It’s sugar-filled sap is also used. The young leaves of flame amur maples are also used as a tea substitute to treat fatigue and regulate the immune system. The leaves contain quercetin and are often used to produce black, blue, and brown dyes. Leaves are also used to package apples in Asia to preserve freshness.

       
       DBH: 2.1 inches
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   22. Quercus shumardii - Shumard Red Oak

       Scientific Name: Quercus shumardii

       Nativity: Atlantic Coast
        

       Also called the swamp red oak or spotted oak. It is valued for its excellence as a shade tree as well as food source for birds and mammals. It is also a common timber tree, used for cabinetry, flooring, interior trim, etc. It is often marketed as red oak, but is actually superior to other red oak species. It is the largest of all southern oak species, it was named for the Texas state geologist Benjamin Franklin Shumard. It is a very adaptable species that does well in areas will compacted soil, poor drainage, and air pollution. Galls may be used as a powerful astringent in the treatment of dysentery or haemorrhages. The seeds have also been roasted and utilized as a coffee substitute-- but are toxic when raw.

       
       DBH: 2.4 inches
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   23. Acer x freemanii 'Jeffsred' - Autumn Blaze Maple

       Scientific Name: Acer x freemanii 'Jeffsred'

       Nativity: Illinois
        

       The autumn blaze maple is a cultivar (selectively bred lineage) that descends from a cross between the red and silver maple. It is one of the most popular hybrid maples within the US, Australia, and New Zealand. This is because it is much more drought-tolerant than red or silver maples and displays fantastic autumn colors. It won the 2004 Urban Tree of the Year Award.

       
       DBH: 1.9 inches
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   24. Ginkgo biloba 'Autumn Gold' - Autumn Gold Ginkgo

       Scientific Name: Ginkgo biloba ‘Autumn Gold’

       Nativity: China
        

       Ginkgoes are the only known member of an ancient line of plants that is 150 million years old. It is the bridge between ferns and conifers. The Autumn Gold cultivar is always a male tree and is named for its beautiful golden leaves in the fall.
        

       DBH: 1.3 inches
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   25. Populus trichocarpa - Black Cottonwood

       Scientific Name: Populus trichocarpa

       Nativity: Western North America

       Raptors like osprey often nest in black cottonwoods. They are often used to make pallets, pulp, and crates because of its softness and light color.

       
       DBH: 44.6 inches
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   26. Acer grandidentatum - Bigtooth Maple

       Scientific Name: Acer grandidentatum

       Nativity: Western North America
        

       Very closely related to the sugar maple; it is sometimes considered a subspecies. This maple is abundant in canyons and is what gives Lost Maples State Park its vibrant color in the fall.

       
       DBH: 1.2 inches
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   27. Lagerstroemia x 'Natchez' - Natchez Crape Myrtle

       Scientific Name: Lagerstroemia x 'Natchez'

       Nativity: Hybridized in Asia
        

       A cross between the Indian and Japanese crepe myrtles, this species was cultivated for its mildew resistance. The name “crape myrtle” comes from the crepe-paper-like flowers and the myrtle-like leaves. When the tree reaches maturing, it’s bark peels-- revealing a beautiful cinnamon-colored exterior. This is called bark exfoliation and happens because the interior of the tree is growing faster than the bark is. Additionally, the shedding of bark prevents the buildup of parasites, mosses, etc. on the tree trunk.

       
       DBH: 1.6 inches
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   28. Zelkova serrata - Japanese Zelkova

       Scientific Name: Zelkova serrata

       Nativity: Japan, Korea, eastern China, and Taiwan
        

       This tree is often used in bonsai, a form of Japanese art that grows trees in containers. As an eastern relative of the American elm, it is often substituted for elms because of its resistance to Dutch elm disease. The species name serrata means “saw-toothed,” referring to its serrated leaf margins. Close-grained wood make the Japanese zelkova a popular timber tree used to make fine furniture.

       
       DBH: 14.7 inches
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   29. *Acer negundo - Box Elder

       Scientific Name: Acer negundo

       Nativity: North America

       Native Americans used box elder wood to make the bellows that stoked their fires. It was also used by certain tribes to make the charcoal used in ceremonial painting and tattoos. Sugar was also made from the sap of the tree and pipes made from box elder twigs. Large burls in the tree were often utilized to make intricate bowls, pipe stems, and drums. Box elder bugs lay their eggs on all maple species, but prefer the box elder particularly.

       
       DBH: 28.7 inches
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   30. Quercus robur 'Fastigiata' -Columnar English Oak

       Scientific Name: Quercus robur 'Fastigiata'

       Nativity: Europe

       Although called the English Oak, this tree is native to much of Europe. Historically it has been used to shipbuilding and the half-timber architecture common to medieval times. It also hosts the largest biodiversity of herbivorous insects of any British plant. Carl Linnaeus, the famous Swedish zoologist and botanist, gave oaks their proper genus name, Quercus. One of the oldest English oaks resides in Lithuania and is estimated to be more than 1,500 years old.

       
       DBH: 11.4 inches
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   31. Prunus subhirtella - Weeping Higan Cherry

       Scientific Name: Prunus subhirtella

       Nativity: Asia

       The higan cherry is a cross between the Fuji cherry and another species of cherry (P. spachiana). However, this weeping form has been cultivated. The species name subhirtella means “somewhat hairy” referring to the fuzzy flower stems. The small black fruits attract a variety of mammals and are edible raw or cooked for human consumption. Bitter seeds may contain cyanide, though. Green dye has been extracted from the leaves throughout history for use in clothing. The light pink flowers are beautiful when they bloom in the spring and make this tree a common ornamental. 

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   32. Acer truncatum - Shantung Maple

       Scientific Name: Acer truncatum

       Nativity: China

       A common ornamental in Europe and North America, the shantung maple is often difficult to distinguish from other Asian maples. Unlike many other maples, however, it reproduces via hypogeal germination. This means that, similar to peas, germination takes place underground. The shantung maple is not a true maple, but actually belongs to the soapberry family. It is very resistant to drought and air pollution, making it an excellent ornamental choice.

       
       DBH: 1.6 inches
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   33. Hamamelis x intermedia 'Diane' - Diane Witch Hazel

       Scientific Name: Hamamelis x intermedia ‘Diane’

       Nativity: Hybridized in Belgium

       Although hybridized in Belgium, the species that created this cross are both native to Asia. The ‘Diane’ hybrid is known for its red flowers that bloom during winter. It, among other witch hazels, has extremely high tannin content. Because of this, they are often used in the process to make witch hazel, an astringent often used in cosmetic products. Native Americans, however, have traditionally used it as a coagulant to thicken blood.

       
       DBH: 1.4 inches
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   34. Fraxinus americana 'Autumn Purple' - Autumn Purple Ash

       Scientific Name: Fraxinus americana ‘Autumn Purple’

       Nativity: Eastern Northern America

       This cultivar was developed because of its extreme hardiness. It is drought resistant, adaptable to many different soil types, and the large leaves are known for cutting down on cooling bills.This cultivar is always male, and therefore never produces fruit.The emerald ash borer, an invasive beetle, often kills ash trees within five years of infestation. Tens of millions of ash tree have already succumbed to this fatal beetle.

       
       DBH: 2.0 inches
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   35. Catalpa speciosa - Western Catalpa

       Scientific Name: Catalpa speciosa

       Nativity: Midwestern United States

       The western catalpa is a common species found along streams and the bases of bluffs in the midwest. The name catalpa comes from the Muscogee name “kutuhlpa” meaning “winged head”  in reference to the shape of the flowers. Although there are no known ethnobotanical uses for this tree, it is often used to for fence posts and telegraph poles. Occasionally, it is used to make furniture.  The wood is very resistant to heartwood decay, making it an excellent choice for products that will be in constant contact with soil. 

       
       DBH: 30.4 inches
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   36. Cupressus sempervirens - Columnar Italian Cypress

       Scientific Name: Cupressus sempervirens

       Nativity: Eastern Mediterranean

       Also known as the Tuscan cypress, this tree is a sign of mourning and a common cemetery tree throughout much of Europe. It is also the traditional wood for Italian harpsichords. An essential oil is distilled from the roots that is used to relieve pain, treat wounds, and strengthen tissues. It is as a firming, anti-dandruff, and anti-aging ingredient in cosmetics, as well. However, the columnar Italian cypress is highly poisonous if ingested by humans. Most wildlife do not enjoy the taste either, which makes this an excellent deer-resistant tree. It is also a very long lasting tree and have been documented up to one thousand years old.

       
       DBH: 6.1 inches 
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   37. Cedrus atlantica 'Glauca Pendula' - Weeping Blue Atlas Cedar

       Scientific Name: Cedrus atlantica 'Glauca Pendula'

       Nativity: Atlas Mountains of Africa

       The weeping blue atlas cedar is a cultivar of the blue atlas cedar, another tree on the botanical tour. The scientific name of the cultivar means bluish-green (‘glauca’) and weeping (‘pendula’). The weeping nature is caused by soft, limp branches that bend under the weight of the leaves. Red-breasted sapsuckers are attracted to the trunks of these trees to feed on the sapwells. Look for a neat row of shallow holes in the trunk of the tree-- this is a sign that a sapsucker was here! These holes also attract hummingbirds. The essential oil distilled from the branches of this tree is commonly used in jasmine-scented soaps.

       
       DBH: 2.5 inches
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   38. Fraxinus ornus - Manna Ash

   39. Albizia julibrissin - Persian Silk Tree / Mimosa

       Scientific Name: Albizia julibrissin

       Nativity: Southwestern and eastern Asia

       A member of the Pea family, this tree is also called the silk tree, mimosa tree, or pink siris. In Japan, the names for this tree translates to the “sleeping tree” because the leaves bow down during heavy rains. The species name julibrissin comes from a similar Persian word that means “silk flower.” The fern-like leaves of this tree are light-sensitive and fold up at night, as well.They are commonly seen towering over patios and town squares in the Mediterranean.

       
       DBH: 10.5 inches
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   40. Quercus palustris - Pin Oak

       Scientific Name: Quercus palustris

       Nativity: Central/eastern US and southern Canada

       The name “pin oak” comes from the many short branchlets that extrude along the limbs of the tree. It is also commonly called the swamp oak or water oak because of its tolerance for wet conditions. Wood from the pin oak is often marketed as red oak wood, but is actually of lesser quality because of the common knots. It is also the only known food source ofBucculatrix domicola, a caterpillar in its native range. The small acorns are especially valuable to wildlife, particularly the mallard duck and wild turkey.

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   41. Cornus nuttallii - Pacific Dogwood

       Scientific Name: Cornus nuttallii

       Nativity: Western North America

       Named after the English botanist/zoologist Thomas Nuttall, the pacific dogwood has been used in many traditional medicines. The bark contains quinine, an anti parasitic chemical commonly used to treat malaria. Tea made from the bark was traditionally used fevers as well as stomach and liver problems. Bark has also been used to create brown dye. Pacific dogwood is very hard and heavy, making it a common choice for piano keys, cabinets, and mallet handles. Mammals and birds alike feast on the fruit throughout the summer and autumn. This particular species is restricted to the west of the Cascades. It is also the provincial flower of British Columbia.

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   42. Juniperus scopulorum 'Tolleson's weeping green juniper' - Tolleson's Weeping Green Juniper

       DBH: 11.0 inches

   43. Acer palmatum - Green Japanese Maple

       Scientific Name: Acer palmatum

       Nativity: Japan, North Korea, South Korea, eastern Mongolia, and southeast Russia

       Even naturally, there is a lot of genetic variation within this species. This variety of attractive forms, leaf shapes, and coloration have lead to the production of over one thousand cultivars of this species. They are commonly planted along patios and walkways, but are also a very popular bonsai tree. The sap has a high sugar content and can be used as a drink or concentrated into syrup. It is often called “momiji” in its native range, which translates to “autumn leaves.” This is an appropriate name for this tree, as all varieties display beautiful fall color.

       
       DBH: 3.2 inches
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   44. Gleditsia triacanthos - Honey Locust

       Scientific Name: Gleditsia triacanthos

       Nativity: Central North America

       Contrary to the name, honey locusts are not important honey plants for bees. The name is derived from the sweet taste of the locust bean gum, which was a staple for Native Americans.The legume pulp can also be used to make beer. Although honey locust wood in not a common commercial timber source, there is a niche market for honey locust furniture. Although native to North America, the honey locust is considered a seriously invasive species in Australia.

       
       DBH: 29.5 inches
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   45. Aesculus carnea - Pink Flowering Horsechestnut

       Scientific Name: Aesculus carnea

       Nativity: Hybridized in Germany

       Also called the red horsechestnut, this species is a hybrid of the common horsechestnut and the red buckeye. An ingredient in Bach flower remedies, it is marketing for decreasing worry and fear. Contrarily, the nuts of the pink flowering horsechestnut are probably toxic to human because they contain saponins. Nuts can be soaked in hot water to leach out the saponins, creating a good soap substitute. The nuts are also hazardous in other ways. Often called conkers, the nuts have a very thick, heavy hull that can cause serious damage if thrown.

       
       DBH: 18.3 inches
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   46. Thuja plicata - Western Red Cedar

       Scientific Name: Thuja plicata

       Nativity: Western North America

       Interesting Info: An Oregon native, this tree was heavily utilized by the Native American tribes in the Rogue Valley. Leaves were used to treat stomach aches and colds; buds were chewed to cure toothaches; bark was used to treat kidney problems.  Today, however, it is not commonly used. Unlike the firs and hemlocks it grows with, Western red Cedar retains its lower branches as it ages. It is not a true cedar, but actually belongs to the cypress genus. The species name plicata means “folded in plaits” in Latin, named for the patterns on its needles. It is a commonly used lumber species, prized for its beautiful color and warm aroma. It is also very decay resistant. 
       
       DBH: 20.2 inches 

   47. Lagerstroemia indica x fauriei 'Muskogee' - Crape Myrtle

       Scientific Name: Lagerstroemia indica x fauriei 'Muskogee'

       Nativity: India

       Although native to India, crape myrtles are a staple in the southern United States. This is because they have beautiful summer flowers, interesting bark, and brilliant fall colors. In addition, they provide excellent bird habitat and nectar for bees. Because of its popularity as the “lilac of the south,”there are countless cultivars. These have been developed for everything from frost resistance to flower color, depending on the area in which it was cultivated. The Muskogee cultivar is known for its rare lavender flowers and up to 120 day blooming period. Additionally, it is extremely mildew resistant, making it an excellent choice for areas with wet seasons.

       
       DBH: 4.5 inches
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   48. Cornus nuttallii x flroida - Eddie's White Wonder

       Scientific Name: Cornus nuttallii x florida

       Nativity: Hybridized in the Pacific Northwest

       A cross between the western dogwood and the flowering dogwood. Most of the seedlings were lost during a flood in the 1940s. However, one seedling had been moved to an unaffected area, so this is the seedling from which all Eddie’s white wonder have been propagated. The name ‘White Wonder’ comes from the beautiful white blossoms that it displays during the spring.

       
       DBH: 4.0 inches
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   49. Cercidiphyllum japonicum - Katsura

       Scientific Name: Cercidiphyllum japonicum

       Nativity: China and Japan

       The Katsura is listed as endangered in China and Near Threatened by IUCN Red List. It is nicknamed the “caramel tree” because of the burnt sugar scent that it gives off when the leaves begin to break down in autumn. As one of the largest hardwoods in Asia, the wood is commonly used for furniture making. It is also the most common wood to make “Go” boards, a strategy board game common in Asia.

       
       DBH: 4.9 inches
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   50. Fraxinus velutina - Modesto Ash

       Scientific Name: Fraxinus velutina

       Nativity: Southwestern North America

       Also called the velvet ash or Arizona ash. The first Yule Log was said to have been crafted from ash. The wood of the modesto ash is significantly more brittle than other ash species. Because of this, it is not used in furniture making, unlike other ash species. However, its fruit were once used in the pickling process.

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   51. Arbutus unedo - Strawberry Tree

       Scientific Name: Arbutus unedo

       Nativity: Mediterranean, western Europe, France, and Ireland

       Carl Linnaeus first described and named this tree in his book Species Plantarum. Although unrelated to typically strawberries, its edible fruits look very much like them. Fruit takes twelve months to ripen and are used by bees as honey plants. Because of this, strawberry trees are are commonly planted near honey production sites. The fruit are commonly used in Europe to make wines and liqueurs, cooked to create various preserves and wine.

       
       DBH: 6.6 inches
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   52. Trachycarpus fortunei - Chinese Windmill Palm

       Scientific Name: Trachycarpus fortunei

       Nativity: Asia

       As one of the hardiest palms, the windmill palm will tolerate winter better than any other palm species. Due to its cultivation throughout Asia for centuries, the exact native range of this palm in unknown. It is cultivated in Asia for the fibers derived from petiole bases. These fibers are used for making rope, sacks, and other cloth. Traditionally, it was used medicinally in a variety of ways. Flowers as astringents, root as a contraceptive, and fresh flowers as a food source. Today it is also cultivated for ornamental purposes, sometimes even in areas as cold as New England.

       
       DBH: 9.4 inches
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   53. Pinus ponderosa - Ponderosa Pine

       Scientific Name: Pinus ponderosa

       Nativity: Western United States and Canada

       The state tree of Montana. In Operation Upshot–Knothole, 145 ponderosa pines were transported to Area 51 for testing the impacts of nuclear blasts on forests. Ponderosa pines have many adaptations to wildfire, exemplifying the special adaptations that many pines possess. Their thick bark prevents fire from scorching their heartwood. Additionally, ponderosa saplings can survive wildlife and tend to thrive during the lack of competition immediately after a fire. Historically, Native Americans harvested the inner bark for their horses during times when snow pack was too thick to access other forage. Pine pitch has also been traditionally used to treat a variety of ailments, from earaches to cuts and scrapes.

       
       DBH: 31.5 inches
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   54. Morus alba 'Kingan' - Fruitless Mulberry

       Scientific Name: Morus alba 'Kingan'

       Nativity: China

       This specific variety of mulberry is fruitless because it is entirely male. Silkworms naturally feed on this species, so in the past it has been grown for use in the silkworm industry. However, in North America, silkworms have not proven to be economically beneficial and mulberry fruit does not keep long enough for commercial use. Because of this, the majority of mulberry species in North America are fruitless.

       
       DBH: 32.0 inches
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   55. Parrotia persica - Persian Parrotia

       Scientific Name: Parrotia persica

       Nativity: Northern Iran

       Also called the Persian ironwood, this species is named after the German naturalist Friedrich Parrot. Parrotia pollen has been found in Miocene (23.3-5.3 million years ago) forests surrounded by wetlands. The Persian parrotia is closely related to witch hazels, but only naturally grows in the broad-leaved forests on the edge of the Caspian Sea. However, its beautiful autumn colors and winter flowers make it a wonderful addition to Pacific Northwest landscaping.

       
       DBH: 3.4 inches
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   56. Acer rubrum - Red Maple

       Scientific Name: Acer rubrum

       Nativity: Eastern & Central North America

       The U.S. Forest Service claims it is the most common native tree in North America. This is, perhaps, because of its extreme versatility. It can withstand everything from swamp to dry soils and exists at a 3,000 ft elevation differential. Additionally, it is very commonly planted as an ornamental because of its shade and fall color. The seeds provide food for some birds and many squirrels. However, it is not a preferred deer browse source. Because of this, it is an excellent choice for planting in areas where there is high deer pressure. Historically, this maple made up 5% of forest area. It is believed that anthropogenic causes, such as fire suppression, have allowed it to spread so rapidly.

       
       DBH: 27.7 inches
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   57. Quercus phellos - Willow Oak

       Scientific Name: Quercus phellos

       Nativity: Southeastern United States

       Actually a species of oak, the willow oak is named for is tapered willow-like leaves. It is also called the peach oak. Historically, seeds were leached of tannins, ground into powders and used as thickening agents for stews and breads. Bark was also used as a numbing agents for aches and pains. Seedcups were used in place of buttons on remote clothing. Today it is used both as an ornamental tree and for its wood. Willow oak is a common source of pulp for paper production and lumber for fence posts and fuel. The acorns make an excellent food source for game animals and birds.

       
       DBH: 22.6 inches
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   58. Abies concolor - White Fir

       Scientific Name: Thuja plicata

       Nativity: Western North America

       Interesting Info: An Oregon native, this tree was heavily utilized by the Native American tribes in the Rogue Valley. Leaves were used to treat stomach aches and colds; buds were chewed to cure toothaches; bark was used to treat kidney problems.  Today, however, it is not commonly used. Unlike the firs and hemlocks it grows with, Western red Cedar retains its lower branches as it ages. It is not a true cedar, but actually belongs to the cypress genus. The species name plicatameans “folded in plaits” in Latin, named for the patterns on its needles. It is a commonly used lumber species, prized for its beautiful color and warm aroma. It is also very decay resistant. 

       
       DBH: 30.7 inches
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   59. Populus tremuloides - Quaking Aspen

       Scientific Name: Populus tremuloides

       Nativity: North America

       The quaking aspen was named for its slight quaking foliage in the breeze. A stand of aspen has an interconnected web of roots and truly is only one organism. In fact, stands of aspen start as this complicated root system and then sprout up into trunks and leaves. Aspen stick to this type of vegetative reproduction the majority of the time, and will only reproduce with flowers under specific environmental conditions. Aspen populations began decreasing in 1996 and have been on the decline ever since. No pest or disease has been identified; many researchers believe that the decline is due to fire suppression.

       
       DBH: 9.7 inches
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   60. Carpinus betulus - European hornbeam

       Scientific Name: Carpinus betulus

       Nativity: Western Asia; central, east, and south Europe

       The European hornbeam, also called the common hornbeam, is a common tree in the art of topiary. Topiary is the practice of clipping woody plants into specific ornamental shapes. Specifically, this tree is a favorite among those involved in pleaching, which is a type of topiary where branches are interwoven to create cover over a patio, walkway, etc. The leaves are haemostatic, which causes bleeding to stop, and have been traditionally used as compression wraps on wounds. Additionally, distilled water mixed with the leaves is an effective eye lotion.

       
       DBH: 3.5 inches
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   61. Pyrus calleryana 'Autumn Blaze' - Ornamental Pear

       Scientific Name: Pyrus calleryana 'Autumn Blaze'

       Nativity: China

       The autumn blaze, aristocrat, and chanticleer are cultivars of the callery pear. The autumn blaze is the most cold-hardy of cultivars. It produces fruit that in inedible to humans, but a favorite among birds. Unfortunately, this cultivar is also the most susceptible to the bacterial infection known as fire blight. The aristocrat cultivar is the thornless cultivar of callery pear. It is also less susceptible to wind and ice damage that other cultivars. The chanticleer cultivar is the most fire blight resistant of all of the cultivars. It is also the longest and most profuse flowering of all the cultivars.

       
       DBH: 7.2 inches
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   62. Pyrus calleryana 'Chanticleer' - Ornamental Pear

       Scientific Name: Pyrus calleryana ‘Chanticleer’

       Nativity: China

       The autumn blaze, aristocrat, and chanticleer are cultivars of the callery pear. The autumn blaze is the most cold-hardy of cultivars. It produces fruit that in inedible to humans, but a favorite among birds. Unfortunately, this cultivar is also the most susceptible to the bacterial infection known as fire blight. The aristocrat cultivar is the thornless cultivar of callery pear. It is also less susceptible to wind and ice damage that other cultivars. The chanticleer cultivar is the most fire blight resistant of all of the cultivars. It is also the longest and most profuse flowering of all the cultivars.

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   63. Pyrus calleryana 'Aristocrat' - Ornamental Pear

       Scientific Name: Pyrus calleryana ‘Aristocrat’

       Nativity: China

       The autumn blaze, aristocrat, and chanticleer are cultivars of the callery pear. The autumn blaze is the most cold-hardy of cultivars. It produces fruit that in inedible to humans, but a favorite among birds. Unfortunately, this cultivar is also the most susceptible to the bacterial infection known as fire blight. The aristocrat cultivar is the thornless cultivar of callery pear. It is also less susceptible to wind and ice damage that other cultivars. The chanticleer cultivar is the most fire blight resistant of all of the cultivars. It is also the longest and most profuse flowering of all the cultivars.

       
       DBH: 8.3 inches
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   64. Magnolia grandiflora - Southern Magnolia

       Scientific Name: Magnolia grandiflora

       Nativity: Southeastern United States

       Named after Pierre Magnol, the physician of King Louis XIV of France. The southern magnolia is known to contain compounds that are antimicrobial and anti-fungal. Additionally, the leaves contain an appetite-suppressing compound, which may discourage animals from eating it. They also contain a toxic chemical that can kill livestock if enough is eaten. However, the fruit is commonly eaten by squirrels, rabbits, and birds. The flowers have a distinct citronella-scent when they bloom in the spring.

       
       DBH: 9.6 inches
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   65. Sequoiadendron giganteum 'pendulum' - Weeping Giant Sequoia

       Scientific Name: Sequoiadendron giganteum 'pendulum'

       Nativity: West Coast of North America

       This is the weeping form has been cultivated in nurseries and does not grow naturally. Giant sequoias are the world’s largest trees. Historically, giant sequoias were heavily logged due to their high quality lumber and resistance to rot. The majority of groves are now in protected areas, but the population is continuing to decline. Fire suppression is one of the major reasons for this, as many competitors (especially firs) have increased the fuel loads near sequoias. Although sequoias are adapted to wildfire, they cannot withstand the high intensity fires that these high fuel loads create. They are listed as endangered by IUCN Red List. 

       
       DBH: 13.8 inches
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   66. Acer buergeranum - Trident Maple

       Scientific Name: Acer buergeranum

       Nativity: Eastern China

       Also called the three-toothed maple, both names refer to the distinctive 3-lobed leaves. Birds do not care for this particular maple’s seeds. It is a popular choice for bonsai because it responds well to the leaf reduction and ramification techniques. It is also commonly used as a  shade tree near patios. It is popular in Australia because of its drought tolerance.

       
       DBH: 14.8 inches
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   67. Sorbus alnifolia - Korean Mountain Ash

       Scientific Name: Sorbus alnifolia

       Nativity: Eastern Asia

       Not actually a true ash, the Korean mountain ash is a member of the rose family. They are a very hardy tree that are beautiful in all four seasons: white flowers during spring, red berries summer through winter, and beautiful fall colors. The fruits provides a valuable food source for birds, especially migrating ones, because they stick around after the leaves fall.

       
       DBH: 8.8 inches
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   68. Fagus sylvatica - European Beech

       Scientific Name: Fagus sylvatica

       Nativity: Western Europe

       There are large European beech forests in the hills of England. In the past, these hills were also inhabited by the “bodgers,” or chair-makers. In fact, these chair-makers actually worked in the woods among the trees themselves. Beech is actually a very sturdy wood that can bend without breaking: the perfect choice for chair-making. In 1887, a group of these people created a football league which, to this day, is named “The Chairmakers.”

       
       DBH: 13.8 inches
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   69. Diospyros virginiana - American Persimmon

       Scientific Name: Diospyros virginiana

       Nativity: Kentucky

       The seeds of the fruit were used as buttons during the American Civil War.

       
       DBH: 14.1 inches
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   70. Cedrus atlatica glauca - Blue Atlas Cedar

       Scientific Name: Cedrus atlatica glauca

       Nativity: Atlas Mountains of Africa

       Doing well in Morocco, but in serious decline in Algeria. It has been heavily exploited in Algeria for use as lumber. Additionally, overgrazing and repeated burning have left the population decimated. A series of droughts have also left the Algerian population in poor condition. The ‘Pendula’ cultivar is the weeping variety.

       
       DBH: 20.9 inches
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   71. Abies pinsapo - Spanish Fir

       Scientific Name: Abies pinsapo

       Nativity: Spain and Morocco

       Also known at the blue Spanish fir. They grow very slowly, but are one of the most drought-tolerant fir species once established. In nature, the Spanish fir is limited to dry, montane elevations between 3,000 and 6,000 ft within the Spain/Morocco region. The species is in decline due to a number of factors: limited natural range, droughts, fungal/insect pathogens, and fire suppression. Cannabis cultivation also encroaches on the native range of the Spanish fir. It is currently listed as endangered by IUCN Red List. They are protected under Spanish law regionally and many stands within Spain are included in protected areas.

       
       DBH: 32.4 inches
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   72. Platanus acerifolia - London Plane

       Scientific Name: Platanus acerifolia

       Nativity: Hybridized in Spain

       The London plane is thought to be a hybrid between the oriental plane and the American sycamore. Although it is thought to have been hybridized in Spain, John Tradescant the Younger, a British botanist and gardener, discovered the tree in 17th century London. It was surprisingly resistant to London’s smog at the time. Today, Australia uses the London plane as a street tree in many of its urban areas. This is because it provides a lot of shade, tolerates pollution well, and is heat-resistant.

       
       DBH: 25.7 inches
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   73. Tilia x euchlora - Crimean Linden

       Scientific Name: Tilia x euchlora

       Nativity: Europe

       Also called Caucasian lime, trees in it’s genus are known as limes, lindens, or basswoods. This species is thought to be a cross between European linden and an Asian linden. It is thought to have originated in Crimea, but the earliest known plantings occurred in Britain in 1870. The nectar is extremely sweet, making it excellent bee pasture and commonly called the “bee tree.” Its nectar has been said to have almost a narcotic effect on bees. It is often chosen for because it is free of aphids that can infect other lime species.

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   74. Juglands nigra - Black Walnut

       Scientific Name: Juglans nigra

       Nativity: Eastern North America

       Native Americans used the black walnut as a laxative and treatment for intestinal parasites. Studies have found that it is actually a strong anti-fungal as well as anti-parasitic. Its wood is commercially important, as its dark, straight heartwood makes an excellent product. The fruit is used to make dyes that are used to stain cars, porches, and sidewalks. The black walnut is also allelopathic, meaning it secreted toxic chemicals through its roots to harm plants around it. This is a competitive strategy to help the black walnut prosper.

       
       DBH: 33.4 inches
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   75. Ulmus parvifolia - Chinese Elm

       Scientific Name: Ulmus parvifolia

       Nativity: China, India, Taiwan, Japan, North Korea, & Vietnam

       Also called the lacebark elm, this tree has many uses is eastern medicine. The leaves were used as a lithotrophic to remove stones from the bladder and kidneys. The bark is often used as a hypnotic, diuretic, demulcent (inflammation reducer), and febrifuge (fever reducer). The flowers are also used to reduce fever and neuritis (nerve inflammation). It is often planted to use as a shelter-belt to prevent wind damage and erosion near homes.

       
       DBH: 26.7 inches
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   76. Cupressus arizonica - Arizona Cypress

       Scientific Name: Cupressus arizonica

       Nativity: Southwest North America

       This a common Christmas tree species. It is the only native cypress to the southwestern United States.

       
       DBH: 33.5 inches
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   77. Umbellularia californica - Oregon Myrtle

       Scientific Name: Umbellularia californica

       Nativity: California and Oregon

       This species is called the Oregon myrtle by Oregonians and the California bay laurel by Californians. Its leaves have a very distinct, strong scent that make them easily confused with the bay leaf used in cooking. However, the traditional bay leaf used in cooking actually belong to the Mediterranean sweet bay. The leaves of the Oregon myrtle may also be used as seasoning, but are much stronger and should be used in smaller quantities. The fruit of this tree has also been traditionally roasted and eaten. The flavor is described as “dark chocolate,” “burnt popcorn,” or “coffee” depending on how long it is roasted. Unroasted, however, the fruit are inedible.The Oregon myrtle and the tanoak are the only species that the pathogen causing sudden oak death can produce spores.

       
       DBH: 1.6 inches
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   78. Corylus cornuta californica - California Hazelnut

       Scientific Name: Corylus cornuta californica

       Nativity: North America

       This tree is also called the beaked hazel because of it’s fruit, a nut that has a tubular extension resembling a beak. These nuts were of vital economic and food importance to the Concow tribes of northern California. The branches were also used to make important fishing apparatuses and food utensils. Jays, squirrels, and chipmunks are the primary dispersants of these nuts.

       
       DBH: 2.3 inches
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   79. Acer saccharinum 'Sweet Shadow' - Cutleaf Silver Maple

       Scientific Name: Acer saccharum 'Sweet Shadow'

       Nativity: Missouri

       The cutleaf silver maple is a cultivar of the sugar maple that was patented in 1962. It is distinctly vase-shaped with deeply cut leaves and is renowned for its beautiful orange fall color. The sugar maple that it is derived from is one of America’s favorite trees. It is the state tree of Wisconsin, West Virginia, Vermont, and New York-- more states than any other single tree can claim. This is beautiful they provide excellent wood for lumber, rich sap to create syrup, and display breathtaking fall colors. The branches are commonly browsed by deer, elk, and snowshoe hares. Squirrels also feed on the seeds in the fall. 
       
       DBH: 17.0 inches 

   80. Fagus sylvatica 'Riversii' - River's Purple Beech

       Scientific Name: Fagus sylvatica 'Riversii'

       Nativity: Europe

       A cultivar of the European beech, the ‘Riversii’ variety has been selected for it glossy purple leaves. Beechnuts are a great food source for squirrels, chipmunks, and many species of bird. Beechnuts have long been a staple for humanity, as well. They are eaten plane or pressed to create an edible oil. Beech leaves also make a fine salad in the spring. Beech wood is also used in the fermentation process of Budweiser beer. The wood is also burnt and used in many smoked German beers. Young leaves are steeped in gin for several weeks to create beech leaf noyau liqueur. Beech wood has been used as a stock for military rifles when higher cost alternatives are scarce.

       
       DBH: 17.0 inches
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   81. Gymnocladus dioicus - Kentucky Coffeetree

       Scientific Name: Gymnocladus dioicus

       Nativity: Central United States

       This tree got its name when Kentucky settlers noticed that its seeds resembled coffee berries. They proceeded to use the seeds as a coffee substitute. Soon after, it became a popular wood for use in railroad sleeper cars. Sources disagree about whether the seed pods are poisonous or not. It is thought that perhaps the poisonous compound in the seeds is broken down when heated. However, it is reported that Native Americans used the seed pulp to cure insanity as well as fevers and headaches.

       
       DBH: 3.3 inches
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   82. Cedrus libani - Lebanon Cedar

       Scientific Name: Cedrus libani

       Nativity: Mountains of Mediterranean

       As the national emblem of Lebanon, the Lebanon cedar is proudly displayed on the Lebanese flag. In the Bible, Moses ordered Hebrew priests to treat leprosy with the bark of Lebanon cedar. The Cedars of God are a forest of old-growth Lebanon cedars on Mount Lebanon. The forest is also a World Heritage Site. Historically, the wood was used for shipbuilding and temples.

       
       DBH: 19.3 inches
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   83. Tsuga heterophylla - Western Hemlock

       Scientific Name: Tsuga heterophylla

       Nativity: West coast of North America: from northwestern California to Alaska

       The dominant tree in much of its range, western hemlock is found in low elevation forests near the coast. It commonly grows alongside Douglas fir, redwood, and grand firs. Wood is a great slow-burning fuel source for keeping fires going overnight. Pitch from bark has been chewed as gum and leaves used in herbal tea blends. Leaves and shoot tips can be chewed as an emergency food source if lost in the forest. Leaves and twigs excrete spruce oil, a common flavoring in ice cream, sodas, and gum today. As a timber source, it is commonly used to construct the support structures of buildings.
       
       DBH: 12.9 inches 

   84. Liquidambar formosana - Chinese Sweetgum

       Scientific Name: Liquidambar formosana

       Nativity: Eastern Asia

       Also called the formosa sweetgum, this Chinese sweetgum is a staple in traditional Chinese medicine. Leaves and roots are often used to treat cancerous growths, bark for skin diseases, and fruit for arthritis, excessive body fluid, and pain relief. The wood is also used for making tea chests. Leaves are often used to feed silkworms used in silk production. It gets the name “sweetgum” from the aromatic sweet balsam scent that exudes from the sap. Female trees produce a fruit gum-ball shaped fruit covered in spikes, nicknamed “space bugs” or “sticker balls.”

       
       DBH: 18.7 inches
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   85. Picea enelmanii - Englemann Spruce

       Scientific Name: Picea engelmannii

       Nativity: Western North America

       The engelmann spruce, named for the German botanist George Engelmann, is a slow-growing tree that typically grows at high altitudes. Like many other trees with this growing pattern, it is often used to make musical instruments. This includes guitars, harps, violins, and pianos. Sheets of engelmann spruce bark were commonly used by Native Americans to make baskets, roofing, and baby carriers. Today, this spruce is often harvested for paper-making.

       
       DBH: 7.6 inches
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   86. Prunus cerasifera 'Thundercloud' - Thundercloud Plum

       Scientific Name: Prunus cerasifera 'Thundercloud'

       Nativity: Europe

       The thundercloud plum is a purple-leaved cultivar of the cherry plum. The summer-yielded, small plums are edible and commonly eaten raw or cooked in pies, jams, etc. They are well-named because they very closely resemble sweet cherries. They maybe be harvested in late July and early August-- right between sweet cherry and other plum harvesting times. Bees are a popular pollinator of plum trees and birds love to eat the fruit. The more bitter the seeds, the higher cyanide content they have. The cherry plum is also one of five ingredients in the Bach Flower Rescue Remedy-- it is utilized to “trust in one’s spontaneous wisdom and the courage to follow one’s path.”

       
       DBH: 5.0 inches
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   87. Prunus blireana - Blireana Plum

       Scientific Name: Prunus blireana

       Nativity: Asia
        

       A cross between the Japanese apricot and the cherry plum. This hybrid is sterile and therefore does not produce fruit. The beautiful pink, fragrant flowers in early spring are what makes this tree desirable.

       
       DBH: 6.6 inches
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   88. Pinus attenuradiata - KMX Pine

       Scientific Name: Pinus attenuradiata

       Nativity: Hybridized in California

       A hybrid between the knobcone pine, native to southwestern Oregon, and the monterey pine, native to southern California. The first cross was made by the U.S. Forest Service for use in the dry areas of the Rogue River National Forest. However, they proved to be susceptible to many pests and fungal diseases. However, it is used today as an excellent choice for Christmas trees. It is currently being used as a reforestation tree in New Zealand along with its parent, the monterey pine.

       
       DBH: 25.8 inches
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   89. Quercus rubra - Red Oak

       Scientific Name: Quercus rubra

       Nativity: Eastern North America

       One of the most important species for North American timber production used for everything from veneer to firewood, many other species of oaks are labelled as red oak when sold. Red oaks often have cavities and branches that are suitable for nesting, attracting a wide variety of mammals and birds. Ungulates as well as small mammals eat leaves and smaller seedlings, while many bird species enjoy the acorns. The acorns were also very important to Native Americans as a food source and medicine for treating heart problems and lung infections. They were also used to create a disinfectant. Oak acorns contain toxic tannins that require boiling, soaking, and leaching to remove.

       
       DBH: 17.5 inches
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   90. Quercus coccinea - Scarlet Oak

       Scientific Name: Quercus coccinea

       Nativity: Eastern United States

       The species name coccinea is Latin for scarlet, named for the rich, red color of the leaves in the fall. Because of this, the scarlet oak is a popular ornamental tree. The wood is also used for lumber but is often marketed as red oak. In fact, the entire tree looks very similar to red oak, except for their more deeply-lobed leaves. Oaks can be grown from a single acorn if protected from ravenous birds and squirrels. There are over 600 species of oaks in the world; all native to the Northern Hemisphere.

       
       DBH: 16.5 inches
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   91. Magnolia stellata - Star Magnolia

       Scientific Name: Magnolia stellata

       Nativity: Japan

       The magnolia is named after Pierre Magnol, a French botanist from the 17th century who was the first to publish on plant family classification.The “star” part of the star magnolia refers to the star-shaped flowers that present in late winter. These flowers a hermaphroditic-- they have both male and female reproductive parts. They are pollinated by beetles, but not bees because they lack nectar. Young leaves were cooked as a famine food in Japan when there were no other options available.

       
       DBH: 1.8 inches
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   92. Cercis canadensis - Redbud

       Scientific Name: Cercis canadensis

       Nativity: Eastern North America

       There are three varieties in North America: Mexican redbud, eastern redbud, and the Texas redbud. It is often challenging to grow west of Colorado due to low precipitation levels. Leaves are often eaten by Lepidoptera (butterfly/moth) caterpillars. Green twigs of the redbud are used on the east coast to season wild game. Flowers have high vitamin C levels and are edible for humans. The inner bark of the redbud is also a folk remedy for leukemia. However, the redbud contains the toxin saponin, which is why it has traditionally been used to kill fish while fishing.

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   93. Aesculus hippocastanum - Horse Chestnut

       Scientific Name: Aesculus hippocastanum

       Nativity: Southeast Europe

       This species is native to the mixed forests of the Pindus Mountains and Balkans. The common name comes from the mix-up that the round seeds were a form of chestnut, which is untrue, and are toxic to horses, which is true. In Germany, horse chestnuts were often planted near beer gardens for shade. Raw horse chestnut seeds are toxic because of the presence of esculin. The most famous horse chestnut tree is in Amsterdam, as it was mentioned in the diary of Anne Frank.

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   94. Acer rufinerve - Snake-Bark Maple

       Scientific Name: Acer rufinerve

       Nativity: Japan

       A native tree in the mountains of Japan, rare in the United States, and one of the most commonly cultivated species in Europe. It was first described to the western world by Philipp Franz Siebold and Joseph Gerhard Zuccarini in 1845 in their book Flora Japonica. The name snake-bark refers to the particular bark pattern of the tree. This patterns happens when waxes build up in the longitudinal cracks of the growing bark. It is also called the redvein maple, which refers to the reddish veins of the leaves.

       
       DBH: 6.0 inches
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   95. Cupressus bakeri - Baker Cypress

       Scientific Name: Cupressus bakeri

       Nativity: The Siskiyou Mountain range

       Endemic to Northern California and Southern Oregon. It is grows well on serpentine soils. Serpentine soils have high levels of heavy metals in them, which makes them toxic to most plants. The cones require fire to open them. It is currently listed as Vulnerable by IUCN Red List.

       
       DBH: 11.1 inches
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   96. Prunus cerasifera 'Atropurpurea' - Flowering Purple Leaf Plum

       Scientific Name: Prunus cerasifera 'Atropurpurea'

       Nativity: Europe and Asia

       Also called the pissard plum, this tree is a cultivar of the cherry plum . It is commonly used as a bonsai tree. The beautiful, unique leaf color makes it a popular ornamental choice for gardeners. However, the color can be overwhelming in small spaces and is therefore best suited as an accent tree. The fruit attracts a variety of birds, squirrels, and other mammals when the ripen in the spring. It is also edible for human consumption and maybe be used for jams and tarts. However, bitter seeds may contain traces of cyanide before ripened.

   97. Pinus sylvestris - Scots Pine

       Scientific Name: Pinus sylvestris

       Nativity: Eurasia

       This is the only species of pine native to Great Britain. It is a two-needled pine, like our native lodgepole pine. The scots pine is a common Christmas tree-- accounting for over 30% of all trees grown for that use. It is also commonly planted around fields and settlements in the Great Plains as a windbreak and to control erosion. In the 1980’s, the scots pine was used to measure the impacts of air pollution on plants. Essential oils that are extracted from the needles are used to treat respiratory ailments such as infections, asthma, and bronchitis. It is also a common ingredient of Bach flower remedies for its invigorating properties. The roots of the scots pine burn very well and have been used to replace candles in a pinch.

       
       DBH: 21.9 inches
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   98. Carpinus betulus ‘Fastigiata’ - Columnar Hornbeam

       Scientific Name: Carpinus betulus ‘Fastigiata’

       Nativity: Europe and Asia

       The name “hornbeam” comes from the extremely hard wood characteristic of this speaks that will take a horn-like polish. It was historically used by Romans to make chariots and American pioneers to make yokes for oxen pairs on farms. This cultivar has obtained the British Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit, which is an evaluation of a plant's performance under specific growing conditions. It is known to attract birds during the fall when it fruits.

       
       DBH: 7.4 inches
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   99. Morus alba 'Pendula' - Weeping Mulberry

       Scientific Name: Morus alba 'Pendula'

       Nativity: Northern China

       The weeping mulberry is the dwarf, weeping cultivation of a white mulberry created for ornamental purposes. The white mulberry was brought to the United States during colonial times in an effort to establish a silk industry, as it is the primary food source for silkworms in China. However, the industry fizzled out in the United States and since then white mulberries have become naturalized in much of the US. today, powdered leaves are used in dietary supplements to help with diabetes, high cholesterol, and cold-like ailments. In Asian countries, the root bark has been used traditionally against bacteria associated with food poisoning. Leaf extracts are also a potent antivenom for Russell’s viper snake bites.
       
       DBH: 20.5 inches 

   100. Chamaecyparis lawsoniana - Port Orford Cedar

        Scientific Name: Chamaecyparis lawsoniana

        Nativity: Oregon and California

        Named for its discovery near Port Orford, Oregon, these trees are known for their strong, ginger-like scent. Their natural range spans only 220 square miles in Oregon and California. They are one of the few trees that can survive in serpentine soils. Serpentine soils are full of heavy metal, which is normally toxic to trees. However, the Port Orford cedar has special adaptations that allows it to live among the heavy metals. Port Orford cedars are currently threatened by Phytophthora lateralis, an invasive water mold. This is a big concern because these cedars are essential components of serpentine ecosystems in their range. They are also cut for their wood, which is commonly used for arrow shafts because of the extremely straight grain.

        
        DBH: 24.2 inches
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   101. Thujopsis dolabrata - Staghorn Cedar

        Scientific Name: Thujopsis dolabrata

        Nativity: Japan

        Also called the hiba cedar or deerhorn cedar, this species is native to the moist forests of Japan. It is very similar to the native western red cedar, but has a deeper, darker color that almost looks synthetic. It is actually not a true cedar at all, but is the only species in its genus. The staghorn cedar is a relatively rare species, as there are few nurseries that cultivate it.

        
        DBH: 6.4 inches
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   102. Nyssa sylvatica - Black Tupelo

        Scientific Name: Nyssa sylvatica

        Nativity: Eastern North America

        Also called the blackgum or sour gum, it is an excellent honey plant. The cavities of trees were often hollowed out and used as beehives. The strong heartwood was also used to make rabbit traps and storage bins.

        
        DBH: 12.5 inches
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   103. Tilia cordata - Littleleaf Linden

        Scientific Name: Tilia cordata

        Nativity: Europe

        A popular tree of bees, buzzing can often be heard several feet from the tree during the spring. Its soft wood also makes it a great tree for cavity-nesting bird species, such as our local pileated woodpecker. In Germanic and Norse, countries the linden is known to be socially important as early as 760 A.D. The linden is a known favorite of Freya, the goddess of love, and Frigge, the goddess of love and destiny. In Scandinavian lore, lindens were a favorite of night-dwelling elves and was therefore avoided after dark. The leaves of this tree taste like lettuce and can be eaten raw or brewed as a tea.

        
        DBH: 14.3 inches
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   104. Cryptomeria japonica - Japanese Cedar

   105. Styphnolobium japonicum - Japanese Pagoda Tree

        Scientific Name: Styphnolobium japonicum

        Nativity: China

        The Japanese pagoda tree is one of the fifty fundamental herbs used in traditional Chinese medicine. It’s traditional use is for its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. Some of the proteins from the tree are used to monitor cell function after kidney transplants. The Chinese word for this tree translates to “wood-demon,” because of the belief that it draws demons to it. Therefore, it is never sued in any Chinese home-building.

        
        DBH: 5.9 inches
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   106. Quercus chrysolepis - Canyon Live Oak

        Scientific Name: Quercus chrysolepis

        Nativity: Western North America

        Acorns from this tree were a Native American staple. Often, the tannins were leached out of the acorn before roasting and used as a coffee substitute. Not only for human use, these acorns are a vital part of the pacific northwest ecosystem. California ground squirrels, dusky-footed wood rats, and acorn woodpeckers are just a few of the wildlife species that utilize these acorns as a primary food source. California live oak wood was also the most common wood used by west-coast settlers to construct farm implements, ships, and furniture.

        
        DBH: 10.9 inches
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   107. Pseudotsuga menziesii - Douglas Fir

        Scientific Name: Pseudotsuga menziesii

        Nativity: Western North America

        Named after the Scottish botanist David Douglas, the Douglas fir is actually not a true fir at all. It is the state tree of Oregon and the second tallest conifer in the world. However, it is one of the world’s top timber-producing trees in the world and yields more timber per tree than any other North American tree. It is also a popular Christmas tree throughout most of the US. Native Hawaiians built canoes from Douglas fir driftwood that drifted from North America.

        
        DBH: 45.0 inches
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